CubeSat Tables

CubeSat Commercial Constellations

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NewSpace Index (www.newspace.im) includes microsatellite and smallsat constellations (megaconstellations) as well!

Organization	Launched / Planned size	First launch	Form factor	Field	Technical and comments
Orbcomm (OG2)	50 / 52	2012	Microsat, Smallsat, 3U	IoT / M2M, AIS	World's first and only commercial satellite network 100% dedicated to M2M. 2 space-as-a-service CubeSats ordered from Clyde Space for 2020.
AprizeSat	12 / 12	2002	Microsat	IoT / M2M, AIS	Low-cost satellite data services for monitoring the fuel level, oil and gas pipelines, and mobile tracking of shipping containers, rail cars and trailers.
Planet (Flock/ Dove/SuperDove)	519 / 150	2013	3U	Earth Observation, Optical	29 MP sensor taking images with 3.7 m ground resolution and swath of 24.6 km × 16.4 km from 475 km altitude.
Spire (Lemur / Minas)	160 / 150	2013	3U	Weather, AIS, ADS-B, Earthquake (ELF), Constellation-As-A-Service, GNSS Reflectometry, GNSS Radio Occultation, GNSS-RO, GNSS-R, Hosted Payloads, Microwave Sounder	Measure change in GPS signals after passing atmosphere to calculate precise profiles for temperature, pressure, humidity (GNSS-RO). GNSS-R demonstrators launched in Dec 2019 and Jan 2021. Investigating earthquake (ELF) detection?
AAC Clyde Space (xSPANCION)	0 / 10	2014	6U	Constellation-As-A-Service	Space-as-a-service project where AAC Clyde Space will manufacture 10 and demonstrate at least four in orbit.
GeoOptics (CICERO)	9 / 50	2017	6U, 12U	Weather, GNSS-RO, GNSS Radio Occultation	Using GPS radio occultation for weather data. Satellites outsourced from Tyvak. First CICERO-2 will launch in early 2022, with more to follow later in the year.
SpacePharma	2 / ?	2017	3U	Hosted Payloads, Microgravity Experiments	Our mission is to leverage the miniaturized microgravity lab technology, enabling unprecedented possibilities to develop new drugs in Space.
Helios Wire (EchoStar)	5 / 30	2017	6U, 16U	IoT / M2M	Uses 30 MHz of S-band spectrum to receive tiny data packages from billions of sensors. Bought by EchoStar and first new batch from Tyvak.
Swarm Technologies	177 / 150	2018	0.25U, 1U	IoT / M2M	World's smallest two-way communication satellites. FCC applications for 150 VHF and 450 UHF 0.25U CubeSats.
Kepler Communications (GEN1, Aether)	19 / 140	2018	3U, ?, 6U	Store-and-Forward, IoT / M2M, Internet, Orbital Data Relay	IoT / M2M data communication network. Monthly fee based on the data amount. Hope to achieve rates of 1-40 Mbps.
Hedron (Analytical Space) (Fast Pixel)	2 / 36	2018	16U, 6U	Orbital Data Relay, Laser Communications	In-orbit relays receiving radio and downlink to ground with laser communication enabling more data downlink from satellites.
Fleet Space (Alpha)	7 / 140	2018	Microsat, 6U, 3U, 12U, 1.5U	IoT / M2M	Main constellation potentially with 12U CubeSats. Selected Saber Astronautics as the operations provider.
Astrocast	12 / 80	2018	3U	IoT / M2M	Targeting L-band. Inter-satellite links. NanoSpace propulsion. Further 80 satellites in orbit by 2022.
Aistech (Guardian, DANU, HYDRA)	4 / 20	2018	6U, 2U	Infrared, IoT / M2M, ADS-B, AIS	Picvoted to one of the first commercial constellations able to collect thermal data on demand. Multispectral imager for visible (RGB), near infrared (NIR), and thermal infrared (TIR) spectrum.
Harris Corporation	1 / 12	2018	6U	Weather	Immediate access to 3D wind data sets from Harris-owned HyperCubes. Utah State University provides the spacecraft.
Guodian Gaoke (Apocalypse)	15 / 38	2018	6U	IoT / M2M	Reliable and economical satellite IoT services and industry solutions for our customers.
Myriota	2 / 50	2018	3U	IoT / M2M	Run unique, patented software which provides reliable, direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) connectivit.
SpaceChain	6 / ?	2018	Hosted	Blockchain, Internet	Building the world’s first open-source blockchain-based satellite network, allowing users to develop and run decentralized applications in space.
OHB Italia (EAGLET)	1 / 20	2018	3U	Earth Observation, AIS, Optical	A high resolution optical payload which will acquire panchromatic images and AIS for maritime surveillance. Used to be CGS Space.
ADASPACE (Xingshidai)	15 / 192	2018	Microsat, CubeSat	Earth Observation, Optical	Establish a global, minute-level updated Earth image data network consisting of 192 satellites.
SPUTNIX	2 / ?	2018	3U	AIS	To have an independent picture of sea traffic for monitoring the Northern Sea Route and other water areas for Russia.
Kuva Space	3 / 100	2023	6U, 2U	Earth Observation, Hyperspectral	Hyperspectral constellation for smart agriculture with 100's of spectral bands and 20 m resolution. 450-1000 nm and 25 m GSD.
Orbital Micro Systems	1 / 40	2019	3U?	Weather	Weather constellation utilizes microwave technology to capture temperature and moisture measurements, refreshed and delivered every 15 minutes.
Lacuna Space	6 / 240	2019	3U, 6U	IoT / M2M	IoT / M2M constellation. Selected Open Cosmos to build 3U demonstrator. First hosted payload on Nanoavionics M6P.
SatRevolution (STORK / REC)	7 / 1024	2019	6U, 2U	Earth Observation, Optical, Moon, Mars	Imaging the Earth in 50cm resolution through the use of an innovative deployable telescope. Eye on Moon and beyond as well.
NSLComm	1 / 80	2019	6U	Internet, IoT / M2M	Communications network up to 1 Gbps anywhere in the world with a novel inflatable antenna.
UnseenLabs	7 / 25	2019	6U	RF Spectrum Monitoring, RF Geolocation	Spectrum monitoring constellation. Satellites outsourced from GomSpace.
ZeroG Lab (Lingque, Magpie, Jinzijing, Golden Bauhinia)	7 / 132	2019	6U, Microsat, ?	Earth Observation, Optical	Optical resolution better than 4 metres and eventually 378 satellites to provide revisits over regions every 10 minutes.
Alba Orbital	7 / ?	2019	PocketQube	Earth Observation, Optical, Night Lights	First Earth Observation constellation with PocketQubes. Aiming for 15 min revisit. Announced night lights constellation in 2021.
Hera Systems	1 / 50	2019	12U	Earth Observation, Optical	Capable of 1-meter resolution with 22-kilogram form factor.
Elbit Systems (NANOVA)	1 / ?	2019	3U	IoT / M2M	Part of a constellation for commercial purposes. UHF payload providing a direct satellite link for data, voice and text messaging.
Fossa Systems	16 / 80	2019	PocketQube	IoT / M2M	IoT LoRa network.
Sen (EarthTV)	1 / ?	2019	16U	Earth Observation, Optical, Video	Stream real-time and timely video of Earth. Demonstrated its 4K video streaming platform in orbit in 2019 hosted aboard a satellite manufactured by RSC Energia.
Stara Space	2 / 120	2019	PocketQube	Orbital Data Relay, Data Storage	Constellation to service other space users with high speed real-time data connection, storage, and computation. First 2 made by Alba Orbital.
PlanetiQ (GNOMES)	3 / 20	2020	Microsat	Weather, GNSS-RO, GNSS Radio Occultation	Based on GPS radio occultation. Will have microwave spectrometer & radiometer. Blue Canyon Tech builds satellites.
Kleos Space	12 / 40	2020	CubeSat	AIS, RF Geolocation, RF Spectrum Monitoring, SIGINT	RF geolocation and AIS. Radio data collection spacecraft with our patented In-Space Manufacturing technology, a miniature machine that manufactures enormous composite booms used to deploy antenna.
Sateliot	1 / 100	2021	3U	IoT / M2M, Satellite-to-Cellphone	Global continuous IoT connectivity merging satellite and terrestrial networks under 5G protocol. Alen Space is building the SDR payload.
Telnet	1 / ?	2021	3U	IoT / M2M	Constellation of 30 nanosatellites satellites by 2023 for the development of a network of IoT applications.
Care Weather	2 / 50	2021	PocketQube, 1U	Weather	Hundreds of the world's smallest weather satellites to power the world's most accurate and timely weather analytics.
GP Advanced Projects (FEES Cluster)	2 / ?	2021	0.25U	IoT / M2M	Two FEES will pave the way for future constellation for the retrieval of IoT data from ground, starting with a first Cluster mission in 2022.
Eutelsat (CubeSats)	1 / ?	2021	3U, CubeSat	IoT / M2M	Buying additional small satellites for a planned Internet of Things network.
OQ Technology	1 / 60	2021	CubeSat, 1U?	IoT / M2M	World's first universal plug & play IoT device that can provide connectivity leveraging Low-Earth-Orbit satellite infrastructure.
WARPSPACE (WarpHub InterSat)	2 / ?	2021	Smallsat	Orbital Data Relay, Laser Communications	Inter-satellite data relay network using optical modules.
Elecnor Deimos (NEPTUNO)	1 / ?	2021	3U	AIS, Maritime	Demonstrator that contributes to a solution that faces the main challenges of maritime surveillance.
PLAN-S	1 / ?	2022	3U	IoT / M2M	Alternative connection solutions in regions where the coverage area of terrestrial communication systems is insufficient.
Innova Space (Libertadores de América)	1 / 100	2022	PocketQube	IoT / M2M	Highly secure, bi-directional connection to any IOT device on earth in just a few minutes.
OrbAstro (Guardian)	1 / ?	2022	6U	Orbital Data Relay, 3D Imaging, SAR	24-hour access to satellites through an optical data relay inter-link and RF ground link. Semi-autonomous satellite and constellation management and space traffic management for OrbAstro platforms.
ConstelIR	1 / 30	2022	CubeSat?	Infrared, Earth Observation	Map precise on-earth temperatures from a constellation of satellites it plans to launch.
LunaSonde (Gossamer)	1 / ?	2022	1U, ?	Minerals Prospecting, Subsurface Imaging	Locate aquifers, mineral deposits, and other geological resources up to 2 km underground using novel radar technology. Look 15,000x deeper than current satellites. Data is collected in 3 min and provides a 3D map of subsurface.
OroraTech (Walker-Star)	1 / 100	2022	3U	Weather, Infrared	High-end imaging multispectral sensors to measure both surface temperatures and cloud coverage for forest fire detection & weather forecasting. First payloads launching on Spire.
Omnispace	2 / 200	2022	12U	IoT / M2M, 5G	World’s first global 5G non terrestrial network. Initial support 3GPP-defined Narrow-Band IoT radio interface. Below 200 LEO and <15 MEO satellites.
ProXops	1 / ?	2022	6U	VHF Radio Communications	New and extremely robust data communications protocol. Uses diffractive/reflective properties of some part of the RF spectrum (1.7 MHz to 30 MHz) in the ionosphere.
WISeSat Space	2 / ?	2022	PocketQube	IoT / M2M	End-to-end platform that communicates in real-time with the WISeSat.Satellite by ensuring the authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity of the devices, objects, data and transactions.
Bluefield	0 / 22	2022	16U	Emissions Monitoring	20x20 m pixel resolution and 100ppm-m methane level (detecting natural gas storage and pipeline leaks, fracking, industries, mining, permafrost, wastewater, rice paddies, livestock)
Karten Space	0 / 14	2022	6U	Earth Observation, Optical, AIS	Earth observation with 3-5 m resolution and AIS data service.
HEO Robotics (ARGUS)	0 / 12	2022	CubeSat?	SSA (Space Situational Awareness), Asteroid Prospecting	Sit in High Earth Orbit and optically observe and characterize objects in Geosynchronous Orbit. Asteroid prospecting services.
Horizon Technologies (Amber)	0 / 20	2022	6U, 12U	RF Spectrum Monitoring, SIGINT	Planned constellation that will offer SIGINT services to government agencies via space. Locate and track vessels worldwide by picking up electronic emissions.
NuSpace	0 / ?	2022	CubeSat	IoT / M2M	Bring IoT connectivity to places deemed economically unfeasible, such as in the middle of the ocean.
SpeQtral	0 / ?	2022	CubeSat?	QKD (Quantum Key Distribution), Laser Communications	Developing space-based, quantum communication built on technologies developed at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore.
Inovor (Skyris / Hyperion)	0 / ?	2022	12U	SSA (Space Situational Awareness), Earth Observation	Hyperion is observing MEO and GEO orbital bands. Skyris mission uses on-board machine learning to enhance capability over existing Earth imaging systems and has ~1m resolution.
OmniTeq (Chameleon)	0 / 36	2022	6U	In-Orbit Inspection, In-Orbit Computing, Earth Observation	Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) enabled cube satellites able to be re-tasked for national security and other missions within minutes.
Astrogate Labs	0 / ?	2022	3U, 6U	Orbital Data Relay, Laser Communications	Support the growing satellite downlink needs with a network of optical ground stations and in-space relays.
Skykraft (Foundation)	0 / 210	2022	Microsat, ?	ADS-B, VHF Radio Communications	Providing global coverage and the reliability needed for air traffic management to provide continuous coverage for aircraft at all altitudes and locations. Skykraft’s space-based solution allows real-time communications between air traffic controllers and pilots,.
Space JLTZ (Gemini)	0 / 200	2022	6U	Earth Observation, IoT / M2M, Optical	Constellation of hybrid satellites, which integrate in the same structure, two payloads: a multispectral lens for EO and transmission modules for IoT.
ISISpace (Spectrolite / BrightSkies)	0 / ?	2022	12U	Emissions Monitoring	Provide actionable data concerning air quality. Spectrometer, spectral range 0,3 um – 0,5 um. Spectral resolution < 0,5nm. Spatial resolution of 1 x 1 km. Capable to monitor NO2.
Start Rocket	0 / ?	2022	CubeSat?, ?	Space Debris Removal, Orbital Display (Advertising), Active Debris Removal	Orbital display on 500 km having a viewable area of 50 km2 using the Sun as a light source. Pivoted to space debris collection.
Privateer	0 / ?	2022	3U, ?	SSA (Space Situational Awareness)	Pono-1, will launch early 2022 and carry a variety of sensors to track and characterize space objects.
Avant Space (Constellation)	0 / 20	2022	16U	Orbital Display (Advertising)	Launch own 20x 16U CubeSats with KosmoLab deployers with lasers to create digital billboard in sky.
Sternula (MARIOT)	0 / 50	2022	CubeSat?	VDES, IoT / M2M	Global IoT-style connectivity to the maritime industry based on "VDES", the next generation of the AIS technology. VDE-SAT connectivity for maritime authorities and industry.
ISISpace (AMS)	0 / ?	2022	16U	Earth Observation, Infrared	Demonstrate MWIR instrument in a CubeSat. Provide Soil Moisture Data In Real Time. Develop Commercial Scalable service.
Wyvern	0 / ?	2022	CubeSat	Earth Observation, Hyperspectral	Creating proprietary technologies to increase the resolution of Earth observation imagery from a small satellite platform.
ArQit	0 / ?	2023	Microsat, ?	QKD (Quantum Key Distribution), Laser Communications	Quantum Key Distribution shared in laser transmissions from a satellite. Qinetiq is contractor for spacecraft.
SpaceAble	0 / ?	2023	CubeSat	SSA (Space Situational Awareness), Space Weather	An on-demand in situ asset inspection solution for your LEO satellites. Enhance the sustainability of LEO. Tracking the inherent risk of space weather, which includes both inspector satellites and critical space data, to strengthen the resilience of new constellations.
Asteroid Mining Corp	0 / ?	?	CubeSat, ?	Asteroid Prospecting	Space telescopes for asteroid spectragraphic data?
Transcelestial	0 / ?	?	CubeSat?	Orbital Data Relay, Laser Communications	Space data network for terrestrial and satellite applications. Using lasers to transfer data at up to 1000x faster than currently available.
Tekever	0 / 12	?	Microsat	Earth Observation, AIS, ADS-B, IoT / M2M, Optical	Remote sensing and telecommunications constellation. Increased from 16U to a microsatellite and still in study phase it seems.
Alya Nanosatellites	0 / ?	?	6U	Earth Observation, IoT / M2M	Daily satellite images and data from any part of the Brazilian and coastal regions in high resolution and hyperspectral.
Artemis Space (BEACON)	0 / ?	Dormant?	CubeSat	IoT / M2M	IoT / M2M constellation planned.
Koolock	0 / ?	Dormant?	CubeSat	Earth Observation, Infrared	Infrared Earth observation constellation. The most advanced feature set for weather and environmental monitoring.
Blink Astro	1 / ?	Cancelled?	3U	IoT / M2M	Data network, small ground transmitters and cloud-based data analytics services. Tech demo payload flown on M6P in 2019.
Commsat (Ladybug / Ladybird)	8 / 72	Cancelled?	Microsat, 6U, 3U	Internet, IoT / M2M, AIS	Ladybug 1 is 100 kg and 3 CubeSats of 6U and 3 of 3U. Complete 72 satellites in 2022. Pivoted from IoT to Broadband in 2020.
Sky and Space	3 / 400	2023	8U, 6U, 3U	IoT / M2M	Communication service (voice, data and M2M). Plans to use inter-satellite links. Satellites outsourced from GomSpace. First 3 Diamonds launched in 2017.
SpaceTime	0 / ?	Cancelled?	3U	Earth Observation, Optical, Video, VR/AR	Real-time video of Earth for VR/AR.
LaserFleet	2 / 288	Cancelled?	CubeSat	Internet, Laser Communications	Provide reliable 1 Gbps communication rates to aircraft at altitude. Higher effective data rate at a lower cost than the best-in-class Ku/Ka/V.
SRT Marine	0 / 6	Cancelled?	6U	AIS	Scanning technology will enable the detection of vessels without an identification transceiver. Clyde Space will build the spacecraft. Was supposed to be fully operational before 2019.
Astro Digital (Landmapper)	8 / 25	Cancelled?	6U, 16U	Earth Observation, Optical	6U has 22 m resolution in RGB and NIR. 16U has 2.5 m resolution in RGB, red edge, and NIR using one 70 MP sensor.
Kawa Space	0 / ?	Cancelled?	CubeSat	Earth Observation, Hyperspectral	Designs and operates most advanced earth observation satellite constellations. Founder previously created ExseedSpace.
HyperCubes	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat?	Earth Observation, Hyperspectral	Track the chemical output of factories and farms and also the movement of machines and equipment.
Dunvegan Space (BitSat)	0 / 24	Cancelled	3U	IoT / M2M, Data Storage	Providing communications, data processing, storage and broadcasting capabilities in space. Cancelled when fundraising fell through.
Hiber	4 / 48	Cancelled	6U, 3U	IoT / M2M	Send small packets of data (140 characters, accompanied by time‐stamp, identifier and location).
ISISpace (TRITON)	0 / 16	Cancelled	3U	AIS	AIS payload tested on Triton-1 and network planned for a while, but no recent news. ADS-B, M2M and asset tracking also considered.
Outernet	0 / 200	Cancelled	1U, 3U	Internet	Broadcast free data from space. Revenue from ads, premium content and hardware sales. Cancelled in 2017 due to lack of launch funding.
Ragnarok Industries	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat	Internet, IoT / M2M	Polar broadband service with nanosatellites?
Rupercorp	0 / ?	Cancelled	6U	Earth Observation, Optical	2U CubeSat to be launched in 2018 will be a precursor for the commercial constellation. No news since press release and company does not seem to have any online presence.
Planetary Resources	3 / 10	Cancelled	12U	Earth Observation, Infrared, Hyperspectral, Optical	Visible-NIR 40 channel hyperspectral imager with 10 m resolution. Midwave infrared imager (MWIR) in 3-5 μm with 15 m resolution. Has been deprioritized for asteroid missions.
Terran Orbital	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat	IoT / M2M	Building a constellation of best-in-class nanosatellites that will form an unprecedented data infrastructure in space.
Tyvak	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat	SSA (Space Situational Awareness), Astrophotography	undefined
GomSpace	0 / 10	Cancelled	6U	IoT / M2M	Situational awareness and communication services with propulsion. Enhanced life-time in orbit 5-7 years. Goal is to have real-time communication between satellites and ground stations.
Promethean Labs	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat	Emissions Monitoring	Special imager for measuring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, monitoring of water and air quality, forestry and land.
Dauria Aerospace	2 / 8	Cancelled	6U	Earth Observation, Optical	Perseus-O multispectral constellation. Many similarities to Astro Digital. MKA-N launched in 2017 could be considered the first CubeSats.
Vissidus Technologies	0 / ?	Cancelled	CubeSat	Space Debris Removal, On-Orbit Servicing, Active Debris Removal	On-orbit satellite servicing and Earth science?
Xoterra Aerospace	0 / 88	Cancelled	CubeSat	Earth Observation, Optical	Earth observation with 88 CubeSats. Was earlier than many others.
Aerial Maritime	0 / 100	Cancelled	3U	AIS, ADS-B	Monitoring aircraft (ADS-B) and vessels (AIS) from 37°N to 37°S. GomSpace is shareholder and will develop satellites. Cooperation with Flightradar24.

Last update: 2022-08-01 | Changelog

Technology	Organization	Summary	Status and additional information
Communications	Planet	200+ Mbit/s to 5 m ground station in X band with patch antenna.	62.5 Mbit/s proof from 2015. Up to 10 GB per pass with new helix antenna. X-band in orbit since spring 2013.
NASA	Mars Cube One (MarCO) reflectarray capable of 8 Kbit/s from Mars in X-band. Three 33.3 cm x 19.9 cm panels achieve >28 dB gain at 8.4 GHz.	Launched in 2018 and successfully completed mission..
NASA	KaPDA parabolic deployable Ka-band antenna with 0.5 m diameter, 1.5U stowed size, 1.2 kg mass and 42.5 dB gain.
NASA	Iris V2 Transponder. Parameters include 0.5U, 1.2 kg and interoperability with Deep Space Network (DSN) at X-band.
Astro Digital (Aquila)	40 Mbit/s in 26.8 GHz Ka-band with patch antenna on Perseus-M 6U CubeSats. Module is about 1U and 1 kg.
Aerospace Corp	1.5U AeroCube-7 (OCSD) will do optical communications with data rates up to 622 Mbps using 80 cm ground station.	Demonstrated on OCSD B and OCSD C (AeroCube-7) in 2018 achieving 200 Mbps.
Syrlinks	EWC27 X Band transmitter. Up to 100 Mbps. Up to 13.3 GB per pass can be downloaded on a 5 m station or 5.8 GB with a 3.4 m station.
NearSpace Launch	Using GlobalStar satellite network for 24/7 communications. Module is only 44 × 88 mm, weighs 25 g and consumes 200 mW with 500 mW peak.	Flown on TSAT, GEARSS 1, GEARRS 2 and planned for many more.
Tendeg	1 m apeture, scalable to 2-4 m. 50 dB gain at 36 GHz, 2.5 kg, 3U.	Exclusive licensee of NASA JPL’s KaPDA Ka-Band CubeSat antenna.
Tethers Unlimited	K-Band Transmitter for up to 500 Mbps. 0.3U and 0.5 kg.	Delivered to the first customer.
Tesat	CubeLCT laser transmitter for CubeSats. 0.3U, 0.35 kg, 8W and 100 Mbps with 1 deg pointing.	Demonstration mission planned for 2019.
Kepler Communications	Fastest CubeSat? Ku-band of 320 Mbps downlink & 100 Mbps uplink.	Demonstrated on KIPP and even faster speeds planned on future missions.
Power	Planet	3+3 3U deployable solar panels
MMA Design	HaWK steerable 3 × 3U solar arrays capable of tracking Sun and 36W peak power. Might use Honeybee SADA drive actuator.
NASA	ISARA has solar cells opposite the reflectarray. 3 × 3U panels achieve 33 dB of gain at 26 GHz and data rates about 100 Mbps.	Launched and deployed in 2018.
Pumpkin	High‐Power Articulated Solar Array for Lunar 6U CubeSats. 126W BOL.
Compact Satellite Bus	Planet	Bus is a wrap-around design of about 0.25U - 0.5U total volume. Includes star camera, GPS, 4 reaction wheels.	Includes also 3 magnetorquers, UHF transceiver, X-band transmitter, S-band receiver, low-power x86 processor and 0.5 TB of storage.
Tyvak	Intrepid platform avionics, power system, communication, and payload interface are all hosted in a 9 × 9 × 3 cm package.	400 MHz ARM processor, 512 MB storage, 64 MB RAM, embedded Linux, integrated power regulation system, sensor suite, low profile UHF radio.
Propulsion	NASA	Solar sail with an area of ~86 m2 that fits into 2U and has 2.5 kg mass.
Busek	BIT-3 propulsion sized 2.5U includes 1.5 kg solid iodine propellant and will provide 6U CubeSat up to 3 km/s of delta-V.
Phase Four	CubeSat Ambipolar Thruster (CAT) sized 4U could provide 8 km/s of delta-V for 6 kg dry mass satellite consuming 2.56 kg of water.	$1 million contract from DARPA to deliver TRL 7 engine.
Bradford Space	Comet-1 thrusters are simple, safe, and cost-effective electrothermal propulsion systems that use water as propellant.
VACCO	Variety of high-performance cold gas, warm gas and green monopropellant thrusters. More than 14 flight MiPS have been produced.	VACCO developed modules flying on MarCO to Mars.
Enpulsion	IFM Nano Thruster uses liquid metal as the propellant, which is at solid state at room temperature.	Flown on Planet's Dove Pioneer spacecraft in 2018.
Accion Systems	TILE ionic liquid electrospray propulsion has very low SWaP requirements and scales for satellites 1U – 150 kg
Booms	Oxford Space Systems	AstroTube retractable boom with up to 3 m length and less than 0.5U size.

Technology	Some applications	Organization or instrument	Description	Status and additional information
Visible and near-IR cameras	Determine asteroid’s shape, rotational properties, spectral class, local dust and debris field, regional morphology and regolith properties.	Planet Scope PS2	29 MP detector capable of taking images with 3.7 m ground resolution and swath of 24.6 km × 16.4 km from 475 km altitude.	4 Band imager with Two-Stripe NIR filter. Can be a single RGB or a split-frame (RGB half and a NIR half).
Hera Systems	1-meter resolution imaging satellite is built on a 12U cubesat, 22-kilogram form factor.	First launch now expected in 2020. Delayed from 2016.
Astro Digital (Aquila)	6U has 22 m resolution in RGB and NIR. 16U has 2.5 m resolution in RGB, red edge, and NIR using 70 MP sensor and butcher block filter.
Malin Space Systems	ECAM C-50 imager uses the Aptina MT9P031 sensor certified for deep space. 5 MP (2592 x 1944) CMOS.
JPL IntelliCam	20 MP, 15 deg FOV. 10 cm/pix at ~800 m. Asteroid (~5-12 m) detection from ~50K km. Science and optical (autonomous) naviation.	Flight on NEA Scout. Based on Mars 2020 rover EECAM and OCO-3.
SATLANTIS iSIM 90	Imager for 12U/16U with up to 1.1 m GSD @ 500 km altitude and 11 km swath width. Dimensions 210 x 250 x 155 mm.
Simera Sense xScape100	2U imager for 3/6U with 94 mm aperture.
Microwave radars	Precipitation profiling	NASA KaPDA Ka-band antenna	KaPDA parabolic deployable Ka-band antenna with 0.5 m diameter, 1.5U stowed size, 1.2 kg mass and 42.5 dB gain.
Radiometers	Greenhouse gases measurement. Atmosphere humidty and temperature profiling.	Boulder (BEST) 150 and 183 GHz Radiometers	150 GHz radiometer has 2 channels between the 118 GHz oxygen absorption line and the 183 GHz water vapor absorption line.	Consumes less than 1 W of power and its weight is about 100 grams.
NASA Laser Heterodyne Radiometer (Mini-LHR)	4U occultation-viewing passive radiometer that measures methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) in the limb.	Will be flying on Mini-Carb in 2020.
Infrared imagers	Characterize volatiles and minerals. Measure temp and water vapor in atmosphere. Night-imaging, temperature mapping.	NASA BIRCHES	1.5U, 2.5 kg, 5 W. Spectral resolution (5 nm) to characterize volatiles (water etc) and minerals (oxides etc). Micro-crycooler to keep <140 K.	Will fly on Lunar IceCube. Compact version of the volatile-seeking spectrometer on New Horizons.
Thoth Argus 1000	Infrared Range: 1000 nm - 1700 nm. Spectral resolution: 6 nm. 15 mm aperture, 0.15° FoV. Envelope: 45 × 50 × 80 mm. Mass < 230 g.	First flown in space in 2008.
MWIR Grating Spectrometer (CIRAS)	Spatial: 13.5 × 0.32 km. Spectral: 4.8-5.1 μm. 625 Channels. HOT-BIRD detectors comparable to HgCdTe at much reduced cost.	Will fly on 6U CubeSat also called CIRAS in 2020. Cryocooler by Lockheed Martin is smallest available.
Planetary Resources MWIR	Midwave infrared imager (MWIR) in 3-5 μm with 15 m ground resolution.	Arkyd-100 is cancelled. Status unknown.
Hyperspectral imagers / spectrometers	Material detection, crop identification, soil moisture, oil spill concentrations, monitoring pollutatns, hazardous gases.	Harris Fourier Spectrometer (CubeSat-FTS)	4 cm aperture, MWIR band only (5.7-8.3 um). Cooled to ~120K using an AVHRR-based passive cooler. Hundreds of hyperspectral bands.	Flight in 2020. More affordable and efficient 3D wind data sets. Utah State University provides spacecraft.
Planetary Resources VNIR	Visible-NIR 40 channel hyperspectral imager with 10 m resolution.
Planetary Resources CHAP	Visible, NIR, IR and far-UV (90-140 nm) possible, 400 channels. Co-registration of spatial and spectral information.	NASA SBIR Phase II contract.
VTT VISION	Tunable spectral imager operating in the visible and near-infrared spectra (430 – 800 nm) for ozone vertical profile measurement.	Based on VTT Fabry-Perot Interferometer technology and Aalto-1 spectral imager.
ESA Mini-TMA	90 m ground resolution, 565 km swath, 400-800 nm range, 300 channels, 15 nm spectral resolution, 150 g, 60 × 50 × 30 mm.
Snow and Water Imaging Spectrometer (SWIS)	4U, 1.9 kg, 350-1700 nm region with 5.7 nm sampling, 10 deg FoV, 160 m resolution from 500 km.
cosine HyperScout	1U, 1.1 kg, 11W, 400-1000 nm in 45 bands, 40 m resolution and 164 km swatch from 300 km.	Flown on GomX-4B CubeSat in 2018.
Neutron spectrometers	Map hydrogen (and water) abundances	NASA Mini-NS (Neutron Spectrometer)	2.5U detector using Cs2YLiCl6:Ce (CLYC) scintillator material to detect epithermal neutrons at spatial scales below 10 km.	Flight on LunaH-Map to understand the relationship between hydrogen and permanently shadowed regions.
X-ray	Chemical composition, pulsar navigation	Amptek X-123SDD	7 × 10 × 2.5 cm, 180 g, 2.5 Watts, solar SXR spectral measurements in the 0.5-30 keV range (0.04-2.5 nm) with 0.15 keV energy resolution.	Flew on MinXSS 3U CubeSat. Planned for 6U CubIXSS plus X123-CdTe. XR-100SDD flies on OSIRIS-REx.
REDLEN M1770	Precise measurement of the cosmic (diffuse) X-ray background in the 20 – 50 KeV range.
Lobster Eye X‐ray telescope	Wide‐field optical system for X‐ray monitoring in range 3 ‐ 40 keV, based on Lobster Eye optics and Timepix detector
Mass spectrometer	Elemental composition	Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (QIT-MS)	2.5 kg, 2U, isotopic accuracy <1%.	Leverages foldable edge-connected electronics.
Gamma ray spectrometer	Sub-surface composition	Miniaturized SrI2 Gamma Ray Spectrometer	1U, 0.5 kg, 3 W. Europium-doped strontium iodide (SrI2) crystal is 15 × 15 × 10 mm.

CubeSat Launch Providers / Brokerers / Mission Integrators

Last update: 2022-06-01 | Changelog

Provider	CubeSats launched	First launch	Launch cost	Additional information
Terran Orbital	121+	2003		CubeSat integrator for many US Gov. missions. Launches include organized by Cal Poly.
Tyvak	121+	2003		CubeSat integrator for many US Gov. missions. Launches include organized by Cal Poly.
Space Flight Laboratory	10+	2003		Arranged the launch of first CubeSats.
ISISpace	314+	2009	$210,000 - 270,000 for 3U LEO
NASA CSLI and ELaNa	100+	2011	Free	For US educational, NASA and non-profit CubeSats. Different rockets used.
ESA Fly your Satellite!	10	2012	Free	European educational CubeSats. Used to be with Vega. ISS orbit from now on.
Nanoracks	250+	2012	$85,000 for 1U since 2017.	Previously only deployed from ISS and now 1 polar orbit mission brokered.. Now up to 12U.
JAMSS / JAXA	10+	2012
Spaceflight Industries	200+	2013	$145,000 for 3U LEO, $295,000 for 6U LEO, $595,000 for 12U LEO. GTO and Lunar also listed.
GAUSS	12+	2013		PocketQubes and CubeSats.
Exolaunch	80+	2017	undefined	Have their own 12U and 16U deployers.
GK Launch Services	50+	2017		Offering Lunar mission rideshare planned to launch in October 2021.
Rocket Lab	90+	2018	$70,000 - 80,000 for 1U LEO, $200,000 - 250,000 for 3U LEO, was public on the website in 2016.	Dedicated and rideshare launches.
KiboCUBE	3+	2018	Free	Provide ISS launches for educational or research institutions from developing countries.
TriSept	11+	2018		One of the NASA ELaNa launch integrators.
SEOPS	4+	2019		Deployer attached to Cygnus hatch and Equalizer rideshare deployment system.
OmniTeq	4+	2019		Deployer attached to Cygnus hatch and Equalizer rideshare deployment system.
Space BD	1+	2019		Selected by JAXA for Kibo.
Alba Orbital	6	2019	PocketQube 1p $30,000, PocketQube 2p $47,000, PocketQube 3p $70,000	First provider for regular PocketQube launches.
Virgin Orbit	0	2019	Assuming $10 million and 40 CubeSats gives $250,000 per 3U.	Sky and Space has contract for 4 launches.
D-Orbit	20+	2020		First launch was on Vega VV16 in 2020.
SpaceX	?	2021	$1M per up to 200 kg.	No single CubeSat slots, but possible to attach CubeSat deployers to ESPA ports.
SAB Launch Services	30+	2020		Vega VV16 rideshare completed in 2020.
Maverick Space Systems	4+	2021		Broker launches with all major US and international LV providers.
HelioX Cosmos	1	2021		Launch Consulting and Planning
Arianespace	10+	2020		Solutions dedicated to the smallest satellites. Vega SSMS debut in 2020.
Precious Payload	0	2022		Global launch reservation system for small satellites.
Firefly	0	2021
Astra	30+	2022
Momentus	2+	2022	$120,000 - $260,000 for 3U, $230,000 - $500,000 for 6U, $430,000 - $960,000 for 12U depending on inclination
Fossa Systems	13+	2022	Starting at 18,000€ per 1P.
Responsive Access	0	2022		End-to-end, 'one stop shop' launch service, enabled by our tools and partnerships.
Adaptive Launch Solutions	?	2022		ALS is the launch service provider for Firefly Alpha Flights 2 and 3, planned for launch in 2021
NOAA	0	2022		Rideshare to GEO.
PT Scientists	0	2022	$0.9M per kg to Lunar orbit was public on the website in 2018.
Geometric Energy Corporation	0	2022		Integration services provided by Maverick Space.
Aevum	0	?
LAUNCHER	0	2022	Starting from $20,000 per U.	With Orbiter, Launcher combines cost-effective rideshare with the flexibility of a dedicated launch.
GeoJump	0	2022		Payloads to GEO.
Astrobotic	0	2022	$1.2M per kg to Lunar orbit or surface
ULA (United Launch Alliance)	0	?	Free	6 units planned for now. Only for U.S. colleges and universities.
RIDE	0	?		Launch provider platform, Launch-as-a-Service.
Circle Aerospace	0	?		Agreement for ten dedicated launches aboard Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket.
LaMont Aerospace	0	?		Offering launch manifest and deployment services via the ISS.
Astreos	0	?		Streamline your launch experience by taking care of every aspect of your mission.
Goonhilly Earth Station	0	?	$1.3 M per kg	Lunar orbit in the future.
Mitsui-Spaceflight	?	?		Selected by JAXA for Kibo.
NASA Rideshares	?	?		LaunchPortal: Potential Rideshare Opportunities
CGWIC	?	?		Long March Launch Vehicles Piggyback Launch Opportunities

New launchers will be added here when they are very close to commercial missions because there are too many small rockets in development as seen from NewSpace Index.
Best overview of (upcoming) small satellite launchers by Carlos Niederstrasser and Warren Frick of Orbital ATK at IAC 2016. (I will mostly wait for the first launch before adding.)
There are many more providers and special (free) launch opportunities and competitions. e.g. with SLS to Moon through Cube Quest and with ESA AIM to Didymos asteroid.
Most nanosatellites from Japan, India, China and Russia are launched by their space agencies.

Ground Station Networks for Small Satellites

Organization	Sites active / planned	Status	Bands	Additional information
KSAT (LITE)	30 / 64	Operational	VHF, UHF, S, X, Ka, Optical (Laser)	Two levels, high availability or less stringent.
Spaceflight Industries (Networks)	8 / 12+	Internal,Dormant?	UHF, S, X	Has been removed from the website? Provides a list of satellite radios that are compatible.
Swedish Space Corporation (Infinity)	19 / ?	Operational	S, X, Ku, Optical (Laser)	As of 2020 only company to have supported lunar missions. Working on adding optical space-to-Earth ground stations.
Libre Space Foundation (SatNOGS)	360+ / ?	Operational	VHF, UHF	Open-sourced and public, but mostly only beacon downlink.
ATLAS Space Operations (Freedom)	13 / 21	Operational	VHF, UHF, S, X, Ka	Selected by BlackSky to support Earth Imaging Constellation.
Leaf Space	10 / 15	Operational	VHF, UHF, S, X, Optical (Laser)	Per megabyte payment. Will build dedicated network for Astrocast.
RBC Signals	50 / 50+	Operational	UHF, S, X, Ka, Optical (Laser)	Combines unused capacity of existing ground stations. Deal with Antrix.
Infostellar	3+ / 22+	Operational	UHF	StellarStation satellite antenna sharing platform.
Cingulan Space	1 / ?	Operational	UHF, S, X	Intelligent Ground Segment As-a-Service Provider.
Amazon (AWS Ground Station)	2 / 12	Operational	S, X	Easily control satellites and ingest data with fully managed Ground Station as a Service.
Goonhilly Earth Station	1 / 1	Operational	S, X	We host 2 fully agile, remotely controllable X/S Band LEO/MEO antennas at Goonhilly.
CONTEC	1 / ?	Operational	VHF, UHF, S, X	Easy access through web-based operation system and one click ready to AOS.
Capricorn Space	1 / 2+	Operational	UHF, S, X	Licenses secured and commercial launch in early 2019.
CM Technology (CMT)	23 / ?	Operational		Variety of sizes 1.5 – 7 meters with capital outlay expenses up to 90% less compared to other’s technology.
SatelliteHerd	6 / 6	Operational	VHF, UHF, S, X
Globalstar	24 / 24	Operational	S
Iridium	77 / 77	Operational	S
Azure Orbital (Microsoft) (Azure Orbital)	? / ?	Operational		Microsoft's ground stations plus KSAT and others. Announced connection to Starlink internet.
Addvalue Technologies	0 / ?	Operational	L	Addvalue developed the IDRS terminal, which weighs about one kilogram, with Inmarsat to send data through the satellite fleet operator’s L-band constellation.
BridgeComm	0 / 10	In development	Optical (Laser)	Optical comm network on a price per delivered bit basis.
Arctic Space Technologies	1 / ?	In development	VHF, UHF, S, X	Cloud based ground station services.
OrbitLinx	0 / ?	In development		A Global Decentralised Space Communications Network by Spacebit and Goonhilly.
Hedron (Analytical Space) (Fast Pixel)	1 / ?	In development	S, X	Space-based RF data relay.
EnduroSat (Space Data Gateway / InnoSpaceComm / Digital Ground Station)	0 / ?	In development		EU grants for InnoSpaceComm project and Space Data Gateway projects.
GroundCom	0 / ?	In development
WARPSPACE	0 / ?	In development
Astrogate Labs	0 / ?	In development	Optical (Laser)	Intend to build entire chain of optical communication system.
Space Union	0 / ?	In development	Ka, S, Optical (Laser)	Creating a secure, responsive and scalable data relay network for a new age of satellite communications.
Kepler Communications	0 / ?	In development
OrbAstro	0 / ?	In development	Optical (Laser)
Skyloom	0 / ?	In development
Stara Space	0 / ?	In development
EOS SpaceLink	0 / 3	In development	Optical (Laser)
Skygate Technologies	? / ?	In development	S, X	Skygate is a cloud ground station for satellite operators and constellation players. There is no need to build a ground station to operate the satellite.
Kratos (OpenSpace)	0 / ?	In development		A dynamic ground system will help you keep pace with changes your world with speed, capacity and flexibility.
Sfera Technologies	0 / ?	In development		HomePort is a virtual ground segment infrastructure.
Argotec	0 / ?	Concept
Heliaq	0 / 50	Dormant?		Ultra-low-cost zero-maintenance mechanical design.
Lockheed Martin (Verge)	? / ?	Dormant?	S	Each Verge antenna costs under $20,000 and uses common COTS hardware.
COMRAY	0 / ?	Cancelled		Deep space communications array with distributed smaller antennas.
GENSO	0 / ?	Cancelled	UHF, VHF	Educational network of ground stations. No longer operational according to ESA website as of 2020.
ConsiNet	0 / ?	Cancelled		Won place in SpaceTango accelerator in 2014.
Audacy	0 / 3	Cancelled	Ku	Space-based system for continuous connectivity. Bought by EOS in 2020 to create EOSLink constellation.
Cubehub	0 / ?	Cancelled	UHF	Compact automated ground stations to receive UHF.
Cubersation	0 / 6	Cancelled		Dedicated ground services to nano/micro satellite operators, with its global network.

Last update: 2022-06-01 | Changelog

Mission Control Systems (MCS) for Nanosatellites

From commercial services and products to freeware mission control software

Mission Control System	Type	Status	Description	Flight heritage
Solenix (Elveti )	Product	In use, In development	Complete, cost effective solution for operating and monitoring nano and small satellites. Multi-satellites and multiple ground station capability. Scripts for simplified operations. Leverage key aerospace standards.	Based on SwissCube Satellite Control System.
Bright Ascension (MCS)	Product	In use, In development	A functional simulator allows operator training and the validation of onboard scripts before uploading. Infrastructure software to connect the ground stations to the mission operations centre.	Used on UKube-1 and many more.
NASA Open MCT	Freeware	In use, In development	Mission control framework for visualization of data on desktop and mobile devices.	NASA Ames and JPL
Ball Aerospace (COSMOS)	Freeware	In use, In development	The User Interface for Command and Control of Embedded Systems	NASA, Blue Canyon Technologies, STF-1
Spaceteq (MCS)	Product	In use, In development	Complete management solution for small satellite missions.	ZACube-1, ZA-AeroSat, nSight-1
Libre Space Foundation (Dashboard)	Freeware	In use, In development	Dashboard and Data Warehouse for decoded telemetry.
Kubos (Major Tom)	Product	In use, In development	Full-Stack Flight Software for Satellites. Introducing a space-grade flight system with ongoing support. Cloud based mission operations and data analytics service. Integration with both cloud based ground network providers and on-site hardware.
GomSpace (HOOP)	Internal	In use, In development	ESA contracts for Hands-Off Operations Platform (HOOP) to enable autonomous satellite operations for single satellites and constellations. HOOP is today fully flight proven and operationally deployed in customer projects.
Space Applications Services (Yamcs)	Freeware	In use, In development	Heritage on ISS and now adding features to communicate spacecraft using CCSDS protocols.	Payload operations for the ISS.
D-Orbit (Aurora)	Product	In use, In development	Cloud-based mission control platform.
Epsilon3	Product	In use, In development	Epsilon3 is the future of spacecraft operations software.
Saber Astronautics (PIGI )	Product	In development	Mission control software for the modern age. A video-game quality interface allows you to reach any point of the spacecraft or environment, while world class data mining gives operational intelligence to the meaning of the data.	Selected by Fleet Space as operations provider.
Spaceit (MCS)	Product	In development	MCS as a service, cloud based solution. ESA contract to develop operations simulator aimed at advancing cybersecurity and satellite communication systems.	CTO background from ESTCube-1 MCS and CGI.
Quindar	Product	In development	Quindar provides a cloud hosted, one-stop-shop for spacecraft test and operations.
Interstel (COSMOS )	Product	In development	Spin-off company of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Primary purpose is to market iCOSMOS™ and adapt it for specific and more proprietary applications.	NEUTRON-1
Aerospace Corporation (Prairie)	Freeware	In development	Prairie will give users the ability to train for space engagement by fusing architecture, technology and space operations together in a unique, open-source package.
NEXT (NCS-1)	Product	In development	Based on the European Ground System - Common Core. Simplified deployment and configuration using Docker. Native Multi Mission functionality.
Mission Control Space Services	Product	In development	Focus on (lunar) mission operations, onboard autonomy, and artificial intelligence.
Space Services Australia	Product	In development	Digital-twin products to give our customers confidence that their system will work in space.
EnduroSat (Digital Mission Control)	Product	In development	Our satellites come with a unique OS, accessible through our AWS-based service. Access and control your satellite on-demand.	EnduroSat-1
Cognitive Space (CNTIENT)	Product	In development	A software framework that can be maintained, improved, diagnosed and reconfigured easily to allow for autonomous satellite operations.
AIKO (MiRAGE)	Product	In development	Enabling autonomous operations through state of the art Artificial Intelligence.
Telespazio Germany (Enable Space)	Product	In development	Creating a complete new platform for the operations of space missions. We are inventing the next generation of ground software.
Emergent Space Technologies (Autopilot, Commander)	Product	In development	The Autopilot application suite provides for semi-autonomous clustered spacecraft guidance and control.
S.A.T.E. (CASTeC)	Product	In development	CASTeC (Context Aware Spacecraft Telemetry Checking) constellation monitoring tool.
EMSISTI	Product	In early stage?	Web platform for Data Center and Mission of a space project with use of SQL database features and accessibility for mobile devices.	NANOSATC-BR1
KSAT	Service	In development	A dedicated group will perform satellite and mission adapted satellite and payload services for the entire life span of the spacecraft.
CubeSat Data (CubeSat Data)	Product	Cancelled	CubeSat Data can manage the entire data pipeline of your cube or small satellite mission.
Audacy (Quindar )	Freeware	Cancelled	Aims to create a modern, browser based, real time data visualization platform to monitor and operate complex engineering systems in a spaceflight mission operations setting. Commercially backed by Audacy to maintain it for free.

Last update: 2022-08-01 | Changelog

Nanosatellite Crowdfunding Campaigns

Project name	Organization	Raised	Goal	Year	Description	Platform
KickSat	Cornell University	$74,586	$30,000	2011	Very tiny spacecraft called Sprite for just a few hundred dollars each!	Kickstarter
Sampling Space	-	$880	$20,000	2011	TubeSat from Interorbital Systems.	Kickstarter
ArduSat	Nanosatisfy (Spire)	$106,330	$35,000	2012	Platform for public to run their space-based applications, experiments and steer cameras.	Kickstarter
SkyCube	Southern Stars	$116,890	$82,500	2012	Lets you take Earth images and "tweet" from space, then inflates a balloon for de-orbiting.	Kickstarter
LunarSail	-	$15,817	$11,000	2013	Building and launching a CubeSat amateur satellite to orbit the Moon with a Solar Sail.	Kickstarter
CAT Thruster	University of Michigan	$67,865	$200,000	2013	Test CubeSat Ambipolar Thruster (CAT), a new plasma propulsion system.	Kickstarter
ARKYD	Planetary Resources	$1,505,366	$1,000,000	2013	Advanced space telescope that will be controlled by the crowd. Take selfies from space.	Kickstarter
PocketQube	PocketQube Shop	$3,900	$3,700	2013	This Kickstarter is focused upon structures, the building blocks of any satellite.	Kickstarter
Fox-1C	AMSAT	$26,661	$25,000	2014	Carrying ham radio systems and science experiments for use around the world.	Fundrazr
Ex-Alta 1	University of Alberta	$36,681	$30,000	2014	Part of QB50 and platform for testing new magnetometer from University of Alberta.	Useed
UW Race to Moon	University of Washington	$16,541	$50,000	2015	CubeSat program aiming to compete in the NASA Cube Quest Challenge.	Useed@UW
Caelus	-	$4	$3,800	2015	Cubesat with a Bitcoin node to Space. this funding is for the Cubesat Structure.	Kickstarter
OzQube-1	-	$2,330	$50,000	2015	First PocketQube of Australia by a single person.	GoFundMe
BroncoSat 1	-	$0	$100,000	2015	Take photos of the Earth and have an active attitude control system.	C3Funding
LightSail	The Planetary Society	$1,241,615	$200,000	2015	CubeSat with a solar sail.	Kickstarter
Mayak	Moscow State University	$3,157	$45,000	2015	Become the brightest star in the night sky.	Kickstarter
CubeSat	Spaceport Indiana	$63	$60,000	2015	Sending CubeSat to space with your name on board and you can talk to it!	Kickstarter
CubeSat 4 Disclosure	-	$13,280	$12,000	2015	Search for UFOs in Low Earth Orbit by measuring radiation and taking images.	Indiegogo
CubeSat 4 Disclosure	-	$10,770	$10,000	2016	Search for UFOs in Low Earth Orbit by measuring radiation and taking images.	Kickstarter
CubeSat 4 Disclosure	-	$392	$5,000	2016	Search for UFOs in Low Earth Orbit by measuring radiation and taking images.	Kickstarter
KitCube Lunar Orbiter	MIT	$124,125	$100,000	2016	6U CubeSat entry into the NASA CubeQuest Challenge.	Crowdfund MIT
Irazú	ACAE	$81,369	$75,000	2016	Irazú is the first Central American satellite, made in Costa Rica.	Kickstarter
Cu-REO	UPES	$165	$40,000	2016	Nanosatellite to aid in prediction of the earthquakes prior to their occurrence.	Indiegogo
HyperQube	Weebill Space Systems	$1,712	$230,000	2016	Most powerful CubeSat - inexpensive, highly secure and capable of nearly any mission.	Kickstarter
Cislunar Explorers	Cornell University	$3,048	$50,000	2016	Open-source spacecraft propelled solely by water.	Kickstarter
SPOC Sat	University of Georgia	$5,377	$25,000	2016	Build a research laboratory that is capable of designing and building two CubeSats.	GeorgiaFunder
Project DaVinci	North Idaho STEM Charter Academy	$9,725	$250,000	2016	High school CubeSat.	Kickstarter
Modular CubeSat	University of California	$1,214	$13,000	2017	A Smartphone Powered Satellite System for Researchers and Consumers.	Indiegogo
Triteia	SEDS UCSD	$23,230	$110,000	2017	Cube Satellite to Orbit the Moon!.	Indiegogo
MoonWatcher	MoonWatcher	$17,155	$150,000	2017	24/7 Live Video of the Moon for Everyone.	Kickstarter
Surya Satellite 1 (SS-1)	Surya University	$980	$220,000	2017	Develop 1st Indonesian University Scale Nanosatellite.	Kitabisa
ESTCube-2	ESTCube	€38,743	€30,000	2017	Test the electric solar wind sail (E-sail).	Hooandja
D-SAT	D-Orbit	€12,328	€25,000	2017	Small satellite equipped with a dedicated propulsive device to remove it from orbit.	Kickstarter
MOCI	University of Georgia	$29,243	$40,000	2017	MOCI (Mapping and Ocean Color Imager) will generate 3D model of the Earth’s surface.	GeorgiaFunder
Positron Dynamics	Positron Dynamics	$1,303,000	$1,500,000	2017	Antimatter based propulsion modules.	Propelx
OTCNS	Otcns Team	$28	$300,000	2017	Orbital Time Capsule Nano Satellite.	Indiegogo
CU-E3	University of Colorado Boulder	$3,095	$100,000	2018	CU Earth Escape Explorer	Boulder
ASP1	Asteroid Mining Corporation	$8,541	$300,000	2018	Development of the Asteroid Prospecting Satellite One (APS1).	Crowdcube
CubeSat Structures	Chronos Aerospace	$2008	$3,846	2018	Produce CubeSat structures with better design and price.	Kickstarter
Brown CubeSat	Brown CubeSat	$7,230	$10,000	2018	Second Annual Fundraising Campaign.	Homepage
DaVinci Satellite	DaVinci CubeSat	$1,200	$10,000	2019	North Idaho students launching a satellite to light up minds around the world!	Kickstarter
AmbaSat-1	AmbaSat	$55,219	$32,861	2019	Build and launch your own kicksats.	Kickstarter
LigerSat	Liger Leadership Academy	$1,553	$70,000	2019	First satellite of Cambodia.	Kickstarter
blair3sat	Montgomery Blair High School	$200	$1,000	2019	Entirely student-run team.	Kickstarter
3D Metal Printed Satellites	Space Resources Lab	$0	$355,000	2019	Utilising the advancements in Metal 3D Printing to provide cost-effective satellites at minimal lead times.	Crowdfunder
ASTRAEUS	GU Orbit at University of Glasgow	$103	$6,500	2019	First student-led group in Scotland aiming to launch a CubeSat in 2020.	GoFundMe
NOVA	Exodus Orbitals	$1,671	$18,600	2020	The world's first crowd-flyable space satellite!	Kickstarter
SanoSat-1	Orion Space	$7,056	$43,000	2020	First satellite of Nepal.	GoFundMe
Calypso	ARES Institute	$0?	?	2020	Open source communications satellite.	Patreon

Last update: 2020-10-04 | Changelog

Nanosatellite	Launched	U or mass	Source
XI-V	2005-10-27	1U
AeroCube-2	2007-04-17	1U	Link
CUTE-1.7+APD-2	2008-04-28	3 kg	Link
AeroCube-3	2009-05-19	1U	Link
ZDPS 1A	2010-09-22	3.5 kg	Link
PSSC-2	2011-07-20	3.7 kg	Link
MaSat-1	2012-02-13	1U	Link
AeroCube-4	2012-09-13	1U	Link
Dove-2	2013-04-19	3U	Link
Dove-1	2013-04-21	3U	Link
PhoneSat 1.0	2013-04-21	1U	Link
NEE-01 Pegaso	2013-04-26	1U
ESTCube-1	2013-05-07	1U	Link
Vermont Lunar Cubesat	2013-11-20	1U	Link
NEE-02 Krysaor	2013-11-21	1U
IPEX	2013-12-06	1U	Link Link
LituanicaSAT-1	2014-01-09	1U
LightSail	2015-05-20	3U	Link
TW-1A	2015-09-25	3U	Link
Athenoxat-1	2015-12-16	3U	Link
BEESAT 4	2016-06-22	1U	Link
AlSat Nano	2016-09-26	3U	Link Link Link
BGUSat	2017-02-15	3U	Link Link Link
nSIGHT	2017-04-18	2U	Link
Aalto-1	2017-06-23	3U	Link
CICERO	2017-06-23	6U	Link
Ursa Maior	2017-06-23	3U	Link
NanoACE	2017-07-14	3U	Link
ASTERIA	2017-08-14	6U	Link
ISARA	2017-11-12	3U	Link Link
Buccaneer	2017-11-18	3U	Link
Arkyd 6	2018-01-12	6U	Link
CICERO	2018-01-12	6U	Link
Tyvak-61c (GEOStare)	2018-01-12	3U	Link
GOMX-4B	2018-02-02	6U	Link
Juvenile	2018-02-02	3U	Link
TRICOM 1R Tasuki	2018-02-03	3U	Link
MarCO	2018-05-05	6U	Link
RainCube	2018-05-21	6U	Link
CP7 (Dave)	2018-09-15	1U	Link
CICERO	2018-11-11	6U	Link
IRVINE01	2018-11-11	1U	Link
MYSAT-1	2018-11-17	1U	Link
CICERO	2018-11-29	6U	Link
Reaktor Hello World	2018-11-29	2U	Link Link Link Link
Corvus-BC (Landmapper-BC)	2018-12-03	6U	Link
PW-Sat2	2018-12-03	2U
SeaHawk	2018-12-03	3U	Link
Delphini-1	2018-12-05	1U	Link
AeroCube-11 (TOMSat, R3)	2018-12-16	3U	Link
STF-1	2018-12-16	3U	Link
ZACUBE-2-5	2018-12-27	3U	Link
Astrocast	2019-04-01	3U	Link
AeroCube-10	2019-04-17	1.5U	Link Link Link
NepaliSat-1	2019-04-17	1U	Link
Raavana-1	2019-04-17	1U	Link
Seeker	2019-04-17	3U	Link Link
Światowid	2019-04-17	2U	Link
Uguisu	2019-04-17	1U	Link
Xiaoxiang-1 04	2019-06-05	6U	Link
CP9	2019-06-25	2U	Link Link
LightSail	2019-06-25	3U	Link
Painani-1	2019-06-29	3U	Link
BEESAT 9	2019-07-05	1U	Link
Lucky-7	2019-07-05	1U	Link
BRO	2019-08-18	6U	Link
Taurus-1 (Jinniuzuo-1)	2019-09-12	10 kg	Link
HARP	2019-11-02	3U	Link
HuskySat-1	2019-11-02	3U	Link
Xiaoxiang-1 08	2019-11-03	6U	Link
OPS-SAT	2019-12-18	3U	Link Link Link
RAAF M2	2020-06-13	3U	Link
FSSCat	2020-09-02	6U	Link
NAPA-1	2020-09-02	6U	Link
CICERO	2020-09-02	6U	Link
NetSat	2020-09-28	3U	Link Link Link
RSP-01	2021-02-20	1U	Link
Tsuru	2021-02-20	1U	Link
CubeSX-HSE	2021-03-22	3U	Link Link Link
CubeSX-Sirius-HSE	2021-03-22	3U	Link
OrbiCraft - Zorkiy	2021-03-22	6U	Link Link Link Link Link
RAAF M2	2021-03-22	6U (1/2 12U)	Link
WildTrackCube	2021-03-22	1U	Link
Tyvak-0130	2021-05-15	12U	Link
GASPACS	2021-12-21	1U	Link Link Link
STORK	2022-01-13	3U	Link
CICERO	2022-05-25	6U	Link

CubeSat Costs

Often complete project and whole mission costs with big consortiums.
Please read the description carefully to estimate single CubeSat costs.

Project	Size	Organization	Manufactured (AIVT) by	Costs	Source	Funded primarily by
AeroCube-14	3U	The Aerospace Corporation	In-house	$4.1 million for the whole program.	Link	US Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center
AISTECHSAT (DANU) 2U	2U	Aistech	GomSpace	$230,000 for the single CubeSat platform	Link
Amber	6U	Horizon Technologies	AAC Clyde Space	£4.6 million for a full turn-key solution including two satellites, launches, operations and data delivery.	Link
IOD Mission 3	6U	Horizon Technologies	AAC Clyde Space	$1,880,000 for four 3U IOD Mission platforms and $265,000 to upgrade this into 6U	Link	UK Satellite Applications Catapult
Buccaneer	6U	Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation	Inovor	$2.5M	Link	Australian Defence Force
CatSat	6U	University of Arizona	In-house	$450000 for the GomSpace 6U platform.	Link
Clyde Orbcomm	3U	AAC Clyde Space	AAC Clyde Space	$5,900,000 for the manufacturing, launch and long-term operations of two CubeSats	Link
Exoterra CubeSat	12U	Exoterra Resource	In-house?	$2 million from NASA Tipping Point.	Link	NASA
DAILI	6U (1x6U)	The Aerospace Corporation	In-house	$28.5 million for complete project.	Link	NASA
AISTECHSAT (DANU) 2U	2U	Aistech	GomSpace	$1,570,000 for additional 6 DANU platforms and for AIVT of 10 DANU CubeSats	Link
Deorbitsail	3U	EU FP7 consortium	SSTL	$3,200,000 for the whole project and consortium including platform and launch	Link	EU / European Commission
Diamond 6U (Sky and Space Global)	6U	Sky and Space Global	GomSpace	$5,950,000 is the order value for the first batch of 8 CubeSats	Link
DOVER	3U	RHEA Group	Open Cosmos	RHEA Group’s Dover satellite, the company’s first, was co-funded by the UK Space Agency’s investment in the European Space Agency’s Navigation Innovation and Support Programme (NAVISP).
DUPLEX	6U	CU Aerospace	NearSpace Launch	$1.7 million	Link	NASA
Edison	6U	Space Inventor	Space Inventor	$0.96M million for spacecraft, launch and operation.	Link	ESA (European Space Agency)The Danish MInistry of Higher Education and Science
ET-SMART-RSS	6U	Ethiopian Space Science & Technology Institute (ESSTI)	Smart Satellite	$1.5 million in total funded jointly by the Belt & Road Initiative and Sunny Group.
FACSAT	6U	Colombian Air Force	GomSpace	$770,000	Link
Faraday-1	6U	In-Space Missions	In-house?	£4.9 million for this and future validation missions.	Link
GEMS (Orbital Micro Systems)	6U	Orbital Micro Systems	AAC Clyde Space	$785,000	Link	UK Space Launch Programme
GOMX-5	12U	GomSpace	GomSpace	Over $2 million in total as of 2020.	Link
HERMES-SP	3U	INAF (National Institute for Astrophysics)	In-house	$3,950,000 for the whole consortium including 6 spacecraft (HERMES-SP, HERMES-TP) with launches and operations	Link	EU / European Commission
Hyperion 1	12U	Inovor	Inovor	$3.85 million	Link	Australian Defence Force
Infante	16U	Tekever	In-house	$10 million for total costs of the consortium.	Link	EU / European Commission
Intuition-1	6U	KP Labs	AAC Clyde Space	$1,200,000 for design, manufacturing, launch and early operations. $650,000 is for the platform.	Link
GEMS (Orbital Micro Systems)	3U	Orbital Micro Systems	AAC Clyde Space	$1,880,000 for four 3U IOD Mission platforms	UK Satellite Applications Catapult
Juventas	6U	ESA (European Space Agency)	GomSpace	$13 million to deliver spacecraft and payloads.	Link
TARS (Kepler)	6U	Kepler Communications	AAC Clyde Space	$880,000 grant for the mission (actual CubeSat costs unknown)	UK Satellite Applications Catapult
Kleos Space - Polar Vigilance Mission (KSF1)	6U	Kleos Space	ISISpace	$2.5 million for the 4 satellite contract	Link
Kleos Scouting Mission (KSM1)	6U	Kleos Space	GomSpace	$2.83 million for 4 satellites	Link
LLITED	1.5U	The Aerospace Corporation	In-house	$2,520,000 for two spacecraft and mission including launch and operations	Link	NASA
M-ARGO	12U	ESA	GomSpace	$450,000 for Phase-A	Link	ESA (European Space Agency)
MACSAT	6U	OQ Technology	NanoAvionics	$2.4 million	Link	ESA (European Space Agency)Luxembourg
MarCO	6U	NASA	In-house	$18,500,000 for two spacecraft and all project costs	Link	NASA
MIR-SAT1	1U	Mauritius Research Council	AAC Clyde Space	$405,00 for platform, operations, ground stations and training.	Link	Mauritius Research Council
NARSSCube-2	1U	National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS)	In-house	$60000	Link
NEPTUNO	3U	Elecnor Deimos	In-house	$2.8M is the total budget.	Link	ERDF (European Regional Development Fund)Self-funded
NSLSat	6U	NSLComm	AAC Clyde Space	$1.5 million for the &U satellite, launch and operations plus a ground segment software solution.	Link
OPS-SAT	3U	ESA (European Space Agency)	Graz University of Technology	$2.66 million	Link
Outernet 1U	1U	Outernet	AAC Clyde Space	$1,250,000 for three Outernet CubeSat platforms	Link	UK Space Agency
PEARLS (Sky and Space Global)	8U (4Ux2U)	Sky and Space Global	GomSpace	$5,950,000 is the order value for the first batch of 8 CubeSats	Link
PISAT	6U	Poland’s Armed Forces	Creotech	$18 million, of which about 40 percent will be allocated to Creotech Instruments to finance its share of the work.	Link	Poland's National Center for Research and Development
PIXL-1	3U	DLR (German Aerospace Center)	GomSpace	$560,000 for the single CubeSat platform	Link	DLR (German Aerospace Center)
RACE (ESA)	6U	ESA	GomSpace	$450,000 for the first phase A of two CubeSats for the larger consortium	Link	ESA (European Space Agency)
Saab VDES CubeSat	3U	Saab	AAC Clyde Space	$1.94 million	Link	Swedish Transport Administration
SCOUT-1 (EPS-MACCS)	12U	GomSpace	GomSpace	Contract value is EUR 24,000,000. GomSpace revenue impact is EUR 10,000,000, whereof direct GomSpace revenue share will be EUR 7,000,000.	Link
SeaHawk	3U	University of North Carolina Wilmington	AAC Clyde Space	$1,680,000 for two CubeSat platforms	Link	Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
SEAM	3U	Royal Institute of Technology	GomSpace	$3,000,000 for the whole project and consortium including platform and launch	Link	EU / European Commission
SOAR	3U	The University of Manchester	GomSpace	€5.7 million	Link	EU / European Commission
SpIRIT	6U	University of Melbourne	Inovor	$2.8M grant for the project.	Link	Australian Space Agency
Startical	6U	Startical	GomSpace	€14.5 million for the whole project including 3 spacecraft.	Link
SULIS	12U	Northumbria University	?	$105 million for the whole consortium	Link	UK Space Agency
SunRISE	6U	NASA JPL	In-house	$62.6 million to design, build, and launch the SunRISE mission.	Link
SWARM-EX	3U	Olin College	In-house	$4 million	Link	US National Science Foundation (NSF)
TEMPEST-D	6U	Colorado State University	Blue Canyon	$8.2 million	Link
Tiger-2	6U	OQ Technology	NanoAvionics	$2.4 million	Link	ESA (European Space Agency)Luxembourg
UKube-1	3U	UK Space Agency	AAC Clyde Space	$1,000,000 for CubeSat platform and ground segment	Link	UK Space Agency
Unknown DARPA CubeSat	6U	DARPA	In-house	$4.5 million for the program	Link	US Air Force
VPM	6U	Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)	In-house	$4.5 million for the program	Link	US Air Force
xSPANCION	6U	AAC Clyde Space	AAC Clyde Space	$12.1 million from the UK Space Agency together for the first and second phases.	Link	UK Space Agency
XVI	12U	ViaSat	Blue Canyon	$10 million for the whole project.	Link

The original online NewSpace tables since 2016.

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